Product information and disease description Place of product in therapy Disease description Burden of Schizophrenia

Economic impact of Schizophrenia on families

9 evidence topics · 8 sources

Caregiving costs in the United States economic burden estimate for 2019

“Costs associated with caregiving were the greatest contributor to excess indirect costs at $112.3 billion ($28,761 per person with schizophrenia), accounting for about a third of the total excess costs (Figure 1).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Indirect costs accounted for over 73% of total costs and were largely driven by caregiving costs ($112.3 billion), which accounted for about one-third (32.7%) of the total excess economic burden.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Caregiving productivity loss in the United States economic burden estimate for 2013

“Indirect costs were estimated for productivity loss from unemployment, reduced work productivity among the employed, premature mortality (ie, suicide), and caregiving.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“The largest components were excess costs associated with unemployment (38%), productivity loss due to caregiving (34%), and direct health care costs (24%).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

United States caregiver survey: hours of care and out-of-pocket costs

“Unpaid caregivers ( n = 200) of adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder completed an online survey.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Caregivers reported providing 36.1 ± 33 h of care per week.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Caregivers reported paying OOP to support SLEs (average annual costs ranged from $1068 to $2395 across categories).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Caregivers also reported additional monthly OOP costs of $1809 for everyday needs.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“The highest monthly costs included mental health treatment ($767), property damage ($728), housing ($670), and medication ($664).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

United States caregiver survey: employment, wage, and career effects

“Most caregivers (80.0%) reported current employment, with 32.5% of those at the same job as before they became a caregiver.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Caregivers reported lost wages (58.0%), reducing hours at work (38.5%), taking a leave of absence (30.0%), switching jobs for fewer/more predicable hours (16.0%), early retirement (6.0%), and leaving the workforce (9.5%) due to their caregiving responsibilities.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Humanistic impacts are high, with 79% of caregivers meeting criteria on the Burden Assessment Scale.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Hours of care by caregivers of people with treatment-resistant schizophrenia

“Non-professional adult caregivers providing ≥20 h/week of care to individuals with schizophrenia completed an online survey.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“One hundred seventy seven caregivers (n = 100 TRS group, n = 77 comparator group) completed the online survey.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Relevant differences between caregiver groups were also noted for mean number of hours spent per week on direct care (TRS group vs . comparator group: 61.1 h/week vs . 39.7 h/week, respectively) and time spent “on call” (162.8 h/week vs . 121.6 h/week).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Caregiver psychological distress: United States online survey

“Of 2,338 Web site "hits," 1,708 individuals consented, 1,398 were eligible, and 1,142 had complete data.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Compared with U.S. norms on the PSS (13.4±6.5), mean caregiver distress was high (18.9±7.1).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Contributing most to greater distress were caregiver health problems, providing frequent caregiving assistance, monitoring medication, having limited social support, and appraising caregiving negatively.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Caregiver-reported burdens: United States national survey

“A survey instrument was developed and fielded to 96 caregivers of patients with schizophrenia in the United States (September–October 2019) via online communities and caregiver newsletters.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Caregivers report that a schizophrenia diagnosis has strained their own emotional health, reduced their ability to have a satisfying personal life, and disrupted their family life.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Caregiver health utility and health status compared with non-caregivers and other caregivers: five European countries

“After matching, schizophrenia caregivers reported lower MCS (40.3 vs. 45.9), PCS (46.8 vs. 49.0), and health utilities (0.64 vs. 0.71) compared with non-caregivers (all p < 0.001).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Comparing schizophrenia caregivers and other caregivers, schizophrenia caregivers reported lower MCS (40.3 vs. 42.7, p < 0.001), and health utilities (0.64 vs. 0.67, p < 0.001).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Almost 60 % of schizophrenia caregivers agree/strongly agree that caring for the patient is important to them, but only 31.9 % agree/strongly agree that they have the financial resources to provide adequate care.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Financial and health effects of caregiving: review

“Financial impacts of caregiving include treatment costs for care recipients, providing financial support, and lost productivity and income.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Depression and anxiety are common health impacts for caregivers, who also have increased physical healthcare resource use relative to healthy controls.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)