AXPAXLI (axitinib intravitreal implant)

“Four thousand three hundred sixty-two untreated neovascular AMD patients from published interventional studies.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“The mean VA change in logMAR progressed from 0.1 (1 line lost) at 3 months to 0.3 (2.7 lines lost) after 12 months and 0.4 (4 lines lost) after 24 months. The proportion of patients who developed severe vision loss (>6 lines) from baseline increased from 21.3% at 6 months to 41.9% by 3 years. The proportion of patients with VA worse than logMAR 1.0 (20/200 Snellen) increased from 19.7% at baseline to 75.7% by 3 years.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“A doubling of the visual angle of presenting VA may be expected to occur in the year after initial presentation in eyes with untreated neovascular AMD.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Mean increases in visual acuity were 6.5 letters in the 0.3-mg group and 7.2 letters in the 0.5-mg group, as compared with a decrease of 10.4 letters in the sham-injection group (P<0.001 for both comparisons).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“At 12 months, 94.5% of the group given 0.3 mg of ranibizumab and 94.6% of those given 0.5 mg lost fewer than 15 letters, as compared with 62.2% of patients receiving sham injections (P<0.001 for both comparisons).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“At 12 months, very few patients receiving ranibizumab had severe vision loss (30 letters or more) from baseline (0.8% of the 0.3-mg ranibizumab group and 1.2% of the 0.5-mg ranibizumab group compared with 14.3% of the sham-injection group); at 24 months, 3.4% of the 0.3-mg ranibizumab group and 2.5% of the 0.5-mg ranibizumab group had severe vision loss compared with 22.7% of the sham injection group” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“In the group given pegaptanib at 0.3 mg, 70 percent of patients lost fewer than 15 letters of visual acuity, as compared with 55 percent among the controls (P<0.001). The risk of severe loss of visual acuity (loss of 30 letters or more) was reduced from 22 percent in the sham-injection group to 10 percent in the group receiving 0.3 mg of pegaptanib (P<0.001).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Mean visual acuity increased by 8.5 letters in the 0.3-mg group and 11.3 letters in the 0.5-mg group, as compared with a decrease of 9.5 letters in the verteporfin group (P<0.001 for each comparison).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Without treatment, exudative MNV typically results in extensive fibrosis with severe central vision loss.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Disciform scar: Subretinal fibrovascular tissue that usually becomes more fibrous within a few years and that is often the end result of CNV.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“the neovascular form is responsible for nearly 90% of the severe VA loss (20/200 or worse) from AMD because of its natural history.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“The following scores enable the clinician to communicate with the patient about the approximate 5-year risk for developing advanced AMD: four factors, 45%; three factors, 26%; two factors, 9%; one factor, 4%; and zero factors, 0.5%. The approximate 10-year risks were 71%, 53%, 28%, 8%, and 1.5%, respectively.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Advanced AMD in one eye is counted as two risk factors.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“found OCT evidence of neovascularization in 88% of eyes before the development of exudation, with conversion occurring up to 35.5 months after initial entry in the study.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Late AMD was associated with elevated rates of all-cause (nine studies, hazard ratio (HR) 1.20, 95% confidence interval, CI, 1.02-1.41) and cardiovascular mortality (six studies, HR 1.46, 95% CI 1.13-1.98), but early AMD was not (all-cause mortality, 10 studies, HR 1.06, 95% CI 0.98-1.14; cardiovascular mortality, five studies, HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.96-1.31).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“The risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality associated with early AMD were 1.08 (1.00-1.18) and 1.05 (0.89-1.24), and the associations with late AMD were 1.23 (1.11-1.36) and 1.28 (1.04-1.57), respectively.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“During follow-up (median 5 years), 368 (9%) of the 4203 AREDS2 participants died. Participants with neovascular AMD in 1 eye at baseline had a statistically significant increased risk for mortality compared to participants with no or few drusen (hazard ratio [HR] 1.56, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21–2.01; p-value [p]<0.001).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“Participants who received anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapies for neovascular AMD had decreased mortality compared with those who did not (HR: 0.71, 95% CI 0.57–0.88; p=0.002).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag

“During median follow-up of 6.5 years, 534 (11%) of 4753 AREDS participants died. In fully adjusted models, participants with advanced age-related macular degeneration (AMD) compared with participants with few, if any, drusen had increased mortality (relative risk [RR], 1.41; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.08-1.86). Advanced AMD was associated with cardiovascular deaths.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)CopyFlag