Product information and disease description Place of product in therapy Disease description Burden of Focal onset seizures

Economic burden and healthcare resource utilization

7 evidence topics · 7 sources

United States aggregate spending attributable to epilepsy and seizures

“The difference in annual spending for cases compared to controls was $4580 (95% CI = $3362–$5798) for epilepsy, $7935 (95% CI, $6237–$9634) for seizure, and $6853 (95% CI = $5623–$8084) for epilepsy or seizure, translating into aggregate costs of $5.4 billion, $19.0 billion, and $24.5 billion.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“From 2010 to 2018, the annual growth rate in total spending incurred for seizures and/or epilepsies was 7.6% compared to 3.6% among controls.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“US economic burden of seizures and/or epilepsies is substantial and warrants interventions focused on their unique and overlapping causes.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

United States spending for adults with epilepsy, 2016 to 2022

“An estimated 6.6 million adults had unclassified seizures, with annual healthcare spending totaling $38.9 billion, substantially more than $21.3 billion for 4.5 million adults with epilepsy.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“Adults with unclassified seizures and epilepsy represent a high-need population with great healthcare use and costs.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Cost of discrete epilepsy-related health care encounters in the United States

“More than 160,000 epilepsy-related emergency transportations, 225,000 emergency department (ED) visits, 49,000 hospitalizations, 700 urgent care visits, and ~2.5 million office visits were analyzed.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“37.4% of epilepsy-related hospitalizations included care in the intensive care unit (ICU).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“In commercially insured patients, epilepsy-related health care encounters had median health plan-paid costs of $22,305 (Q1-Q3 = $14,336–$36,096, hospitalization); $3,375 ($565–$9,095, ICU visit); $1,913 ($417–$4,163, ED visit); $687 ($415–$1,083, emergency transportation); $95 ($23–$232, office visit); and $57 ($0–$171, urgent care visit).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Direct costs by seizure frequency in United States adults with focal epilepsy

Seizure frequency group, United States, adjusted least-squares means	Quoted total direct costs in dollars with confidence interval
At least one seizure per week	“43,708 (28,420, 67,219)”
One to three seizures per month	“28,978 (19,665, 42,701)”
One to four seizures per year	“20,943 (14,497, 30,257)”
Less than one seizure per year	“18,600 (14,319, 24,162)”
Overall p value	“0.0008”

Association of seizure frequency with resource utilization in the United States

“In the United States, seizure frequency was associated with hospitalizations, indirect costs (ages 18–60), and total direct costs.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“The results support the hypothesis that reducing seizures can improve productivity and reduce resource utilization and associated costs.” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Incremental utilization and cost of uncontrolled and drug-resistant epilepsy

“a US-based study estimated the odds of epilepsy-related hospitalization (OR: 2.2) and epilepsy-related emergency department visits (OR: 1.9) to be more significant for people with uncontrolled epilepsy; epilepsy-related costs were found to be ∼$6890/case/year higher for DRE” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“The cost of epilepsy depends on seizure severity, frequency, and drug refractoriness (20% to 40% of people with drug-refractory epilepsy account for 80% of the costs).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)
“DRE incurs significantly higher resource utilization and costs than controlled epilepsy” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)

Overall direct cost of epilepsy in the United States

“The direct costs of epilepsy have been estimated to be high (approximately $28 billion per year).” (opens the source at this quote in a new tab)